Quality control
Which release tests apply to which tracer, and what equipment each test needs. This is mostly a derived list, not a list of monograph requirements: of 303 entries, 15 are confirmed by a pharmacopoeial monograph (Ph. Eur.: 15; USP: 5). The other 288 are derived from the general Ph. Eur. monograph 0125 Radiopharmaceutical preparations and from what the published synthesis states, and 273 of all entries still carry a preliminary mark. Monograph numbers are references only - the texts are copyrighted and are not reproduced. How the derived entries work
Why the USP column is almost empty. USP publishes monographs mainly for drugs approved by the FDA; they are typically developed after approval, at the request of the holder of the application (SNMMI Committee on Pharmacopeia, J Nucl Med 2013). In 2014 USP omitted eight monographs for PET drugs that were not FDA-approved (official 1 December 2014) and stated that it “typically does not maintain monographs for non-FDA approved products”. For a research tracer without FDA approval a USP monograph is therefore not to be expected; for an approved one it may or may not exist, and the USP–NF index is subscription-only, so we could not check. Source: USP, Standards for Radioactive Articles.
Ph. Eur.: a monograph is confirmed for 15 entries and checked as non-existent for 5; 283 are not verified - no check has been recorded for them yet.
USP: a monograph is confirmed for 5 entries; 298 are not verified - the USP–NF index is subscription-only, so this means we could not check, not that no monograph exists.
| Tracer | Ph. Eur. | USP | Appearance | pH | RCP HPLC | RCP TLC | HPLC cond. | Residual solvents (GC) | Kryptofix | Radionuclidic (HPGe) | Half-life | Activity | Endotoxins (LAL) | Sterility | Filter integrity | HPLC UV | HPLC ECD | Molar activity | Metal impurities | Ge-68 breakthrough | Osmolality | Lu-177m |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [18F]FDG | 1325 | Fludeoxyglucose F 18 Injection | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [18F]FDOPA | 1918 (electrophilic route); 2481 (nucleophilic route) | Fluorodopa F 18 Injection | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FET | 2466 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FMISO | 2459 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FLT | 2460 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]PSMA-1007 | 3116 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [18F]DCFPyL | no monograph | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [18F]NaF | 2100 | Sodium Fluoride F 18 Injection | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||||
| [18F]FCH | 2793 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]methionine | 1617 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]choline | 2462 | Choline C 11 Injection | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]PiB | no monograph | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 | 3044 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE | 3050 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC | 2482 | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 | no monograph | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 | no monograph | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||
| [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE | no monograph | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||
| [13N]Ammonia | 1492 | Ammonia N 13 Injection | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||||
| [68Ga]GaCl3 | 2464 (generator-produced); 3109 (accelerator-produced) | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||||||||
| [64Cu]Cu-DOTATATE | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]MK-6240 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]GE-180 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]GE-179 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FSPG | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FRPG | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FPIA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]ICMT-11 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FETrp | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FTYR | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]TFB | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]VM4-037 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]THK5351 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]Fluciclatide | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FBEM | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FET-bAG-TOCA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-OncoFAP-NODAGA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-OncoFAP-NOTA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-OncoFAP-DOTAGA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-OncoFAP-NODAGA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-OncoFAP-NOTA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-OncoFAP-DOTAGA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-RM2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [111In]In-RM2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [111In]In-PSMA-617 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [61Cu]CuCl2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||||
| [18F]BPAM121 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]DK222 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AH113804 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]GE-226 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]SqFLT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]TTCO-IL2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FSO3-PSMA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]RSO2CF2H | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]6-bromopurine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]ABP688 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]acetate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [11C]acetoacetate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [11C]AMT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]AZ13198083 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]carfentanil | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]CP31398 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]CPPC | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]DASB | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]ER176 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]erlotinib | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]evobrutinib | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]FMZ | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]GR103545 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]ibrutinib | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]KIn83 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]L-deprenyl-D2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]L-glutamine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]LY2795050 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]Me-NB1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| 10-[11C]methoxy-20(S)-camptothecin | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]MTP38 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]pbb3 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]PBR28 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]PD153035 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C](+)-PHNO | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]phosgene | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]PK68 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]PS13 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]raclopride | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]RSR-056 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]SSI-4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]TGN-020 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]UCB-J | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [11C]YM155 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [64Cu]Cu-FAPI-2286 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [64Cu]Cu-sartate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]6-O-desmethyl-diprenorphine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]ADPM06 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AF78 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AG-120 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AlF | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AlF-NOTA-ubiquicidin 29-41 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-FAPI-74 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-NOTA-RD2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AlF-OncoFAP | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AlF-P16-093 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AmBF3-TATE | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]ApaScan | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]AQ28A | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]AV-45 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]BIBD-239 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]bromofluoromethane-d2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]BTK-1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]CbR | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]cGBP4F | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]d2-tosylate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]DAA1106 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]Dolutegravir | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]DPA-714 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]DPA-C5yne | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]ef5 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]EKZ-001 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]F-A-85380 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FACBC | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fallypride | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FAPI-42 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FAPI-74 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FAZA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]fluoroazomycin-2'-deoxyribofuranoside | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FB-2BD42 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FB-4AH29 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FBAM | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FBEM-Cys-H4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FB(ePEG12)12-exendin-4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FB-HER2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FB-IL2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FBNA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FBnTP | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FBPA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FB-S100s | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FCPPC | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FDDNP | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FDHT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FDR | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FEAU | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FEDAA1106 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FE-DPN | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FE-PE2I | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FEPPA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FES | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FG-CP31398 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FGln | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FHBG | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fiau | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]Florbetaben | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fludarabine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-galactose | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluoro-3-(2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluoroacetate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]fluorocellobiose | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluoroethylazide | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluoroethylcholine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]fluorogabapentin | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluoromannitol | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| 2-[18F]fluoro-myo-inositol | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluorophenylalanine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| 6-[18F]fluoro-3-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-indole | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluorosulfate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FluorThanatrace | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]fluspidine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]flutemetamol | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FMAU | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FMeNER-D2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FMN3PA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FMN3PU | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FMPEP-d2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FMZ | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FP-CIT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FP-cRGDySO3 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FPEB | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FP-ERGDySO3 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FPG-IL4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]F-PRGD2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]F-PSMA-617-NODA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]F-PSMA-617-RESCA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]FP-TZTP | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FSW-100 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FTC-146 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]FTHA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| 16-[18F]fluoro-4-thia-palmitic acid | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]GTP1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]HX4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]JK-PSMA-7 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]JMV5763 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]JNJ-46356479 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]JNJ64413739 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]K10-008 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]LBT999 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]L-Glutamic | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]L-tryptophan | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]mBPET-1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]MC225 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]MEL050 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]mG4P027 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]MIPS15692 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| (R)-2-(N-benzyl-4-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)phenylsulphonamido)-N-hydroxy-3-methylbutanamide | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]NAV4694 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]NOTA-ABY-030 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]NS10743 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]OP-801 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]P10A-1910 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]PARPi | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]PBR06 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]PBR102 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]PBR111 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]PEG4-1-thiol | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]pi2620 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]PM-PBB3 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F](E)-PSS232 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]rhPSMA-7 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]ro948 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]SiTATE | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [18F]SMBT-1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]SO2F2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]SynVesT-1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]T807 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]tGBP4F | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]THK-5117 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]UCB-H | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [18F]VAT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-3p-C-NETA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-ABY-025 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-BOT5035 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-BPAMD | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-citrate | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-D0103 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DO3A-VS-Cys40-Exendin-4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DO3A-VS-Cys40-Tuna-2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-AMBS-CPCR4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Arg3-Nal4-Gly5 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CCK-66 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-CP04 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-D-Phe-Tyr3-octreotide | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-ECL1i | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-exendin-4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-r-a-ABA-CPCR4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Z09591 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-EMP100 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAP-2286 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAPI | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-02 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-64 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-74 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-BBN2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-OncoFAP | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-oxine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-P16-093 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-I&T | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-617 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [68Ga]Ga-TRAP-(RGD)3 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [123I]beta-CIT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [123I]FP-CIT | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [123I]iodoamphetamine | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [123I]MIBG | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [123I]R91150 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [125I]FC-131 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [125I]CPCR4.3 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-CP04 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-CTT2001 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-MGS5 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-PP-F11N | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-r-a-ABA-iodoCPCR4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-rhCCK-18 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TOC | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-FAPI | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-FAPI-04 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-FAPI-46 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-P17-087 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-P17-088 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-pentixather | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-10 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-(R)-DOTAGA-rhCCK-1 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [177Lu]Lu-rhPSMA-10 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||
| [212Pb]Pb-PSC-PEG2-TOC | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [161Tb]Tb-3p-C-NETA | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [99mTc]Tc-N4-Bombesin | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [99mTc]Tc-N4-PSMA-12 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-I&S | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [99mTc]Tc-TcO2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [99mTc]Tc-TcO4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||||
| [90Y]Y-FAPI | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [90Y]Y-FAPI-46 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | |||||||
| [89Zr]Zr-Df-IgG-800CW | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [89Zr]Zr-DFO-girentuximab | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [89Zr]Zr-Df-pertuzumab-800CW | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [89Zr]Zr-TROP2 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | ||||||||
| [89Zr]ZrCl4 | not verified | not verified | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × | × |
Rows with an amber edge carry at least one preliminary mark: the test set was inferred from the compound class and isotope, not from a monograph or from what a paper states about the synthesis. Treat those as a starting point for scoping, never as a release specification.
What each test needs
| Test | What it establishes | Equipment |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance / clarity and colour | Visual conformity of the solution | Visual inspection against a lit background |
| pH | pH within the specified range Strips accepted in many monographs for small volumes | pH meter |
| Radiochemical purity by HPLC | Fraction of activity present as the intended chemical form Only HPLC resolves radiolysis products; radio-TLC alone may miss them | HPLC with radiometric detector |
| Radiochemical purity by radio-TLC | Same as above, faster, no recovery issues | Radio-TLC scanner |
| UV detection on HPLC | Identity and chemical impurities of UV-active species | HPLC with UV or PDA detector |
| Electrochemical detection on HPLC | Chemical impurities of species with poor UV response Needed for catecholamine-type compounds | HPLC with electrochemical detector |
| Conductometric detection on HPLC | Ionic species not detected by UV | HPLC with conductivity detector |
| Chemical purity / limit of impurities | Non-radioactive impurities within limits | HPLC |
| Residual solvents | Acetonitrile, ethanol, ether and similar within limits Almost universal for F-18 tracers made with acetonitrile | Gas chromatograph with FID or headspace |
| Kryptofix 2.2.2 / phase transfer catalyst | Residual cryptand within limits Applies where K222 is used in the synthesis | TLC spot test (iodoplatinate) |
| Radionuclidic purity | Correct radionuclide, gamma impurities within limits Ph. Eur. commonly requires >99.9%; F-18 samples are held ~24 h to allow decay before measurement | Gamma spectrometer (HPGe) |
| Half-life determination | Identity of the radionuclide by decay | Dose calibrator with timer |
| Radioactivity concentration | Activity at reference time Requires validated geometry | Dose calibrator (activity meter) |
| Bacterial endotoxins | Endotoxin level below limit Released before result in most cases; retrospective for short-lived tracers | LAL tester (kinetic or gel clot) |
| Sterility | Absence of viable micro-organisms Always retrospective | Sterility testing (media fill / membrane filtration) |
| Filter integrity (bubble point) | Integrity of the sterilising filter Substitutes for pre-release sterility | Filter integrity tester |
| Osmolality | Isotonicity of the final formulation More often required for therapeutic and large-volume preparations | Osmometer |
| Molar activity | Activity per mole of compound Critical for receptor-targeted tracers with saturable targets | HPLC with UV and radiometric detection |
| Metal impurities | Fe, Zn, Cu and similar within limits Relevant for radiometal preparations | ICP-MS |
| Ge-68 breakthrough | Parent radionuclide from the generator within limits Generator-produced Ga-68 only | Gamma spectrometer after Ga-68 decay |
| Lu-177m content | Long-lived isomer within limits Lu-177 preparations; matters for waste handling | Gamma spectrometer |
Setting up quality control?We can help you scope the equipment needed to release a given tracer.
Get in touch